![]() RL.9-10.2 - Determine a theme or central idea of a text and analyze in detail its development over the course of the text, including how it emerges and is shaped and refined by specific details provide an objective summary of the text. RL.8.2 - Determine a theme or central idea of a text and analyze its development over the course of the text, including its relationship to the characters, setting, and plot provide an objective summary of the text. RL.7.2 - Determine a theme or central idea of a text and analyze its development over the course of the text provide an objective summary of the text. RL.6.2 - Determine a theme or central idea of a text and how it is conveyed through particular details provide a summary of the text distinct from personal opinions or judgments. RL.5.2 - Determine a theme of a story, drama, or poem from details in the text, including how characters in a story or drama respond to challenges or how the speaker in a poem reflects upon a topic summarize the text. RL.4.2 - Determine a theme of a story, drama, or poem from details in the text summarize the text. RL.3.2 - Recount stories, including fables, folktales, and myths from diverse cultures determine the central message, lesson, or moral and explain how it is conveyed through key details in the text. RL.2.2 - Recount stories, including fables and folktales from diverse cultures, and determine their central message, lesson, or moral. RL.1.2 - Retell stories, including key details, and demonstrate understanding of their central message or lesson. RL.K.2 - With prompting and support, retell familiar stories, including key details. Here are some resources that I used in my classroom to teach my students how to summarize. ![]() ![]() Teaching this skill surely warrants some of your class time. After years of learning to make connections between the text and themselves, students must be retrained to keep themselves out of their writing in regards to summaries. ![]() This means that summarizing a text requires both comprehension and expression skills.Īdditionally, as per the Common Core State Standards, summaries should not contain opinions, background knowledge, or personal information rather, a summary should be entirely text based. Finally they must express this information in their own words. Then they must identify main ideas and key points, which means that they must have a good enough understanding of the text to distinguish between essential and nonessential information. This may involve unpacking lengthy sentences and decoding challenging vocabulary. First the student must read and comprehend the text. It actually requires quite a bit of finesse. Summaries let you condense the resource material by drawing out particular key points, omitting unrelated or unimportant points, and simplifying how the author conveyed her or his message.Writing a good summary is not as easy as it may appear. ![]() Often times, a paraphrase is longer than the original passage.Ĭhoose to summarizing instead of paraphrasing when you need to provide a brief overview of a larger text. It also lets you simplify complex material, sometimes rewording, using language that is more understandable to your reader. Paraphrasing lets you emphasize the ideas in source materials that are most related to your term paper or essay instead of the exact language the author used. See How to Cite Sources for details.Ĭhoose a direct quote when it is more likely to be accurate than your summarizing or paraphrasing of the quote, when what you’re quoting is the text you’re analyzing, when a direct quote is more concise than a summary or paraphrase would be and conciseness matters, when the author is a particular authority whose exact words would lend credence to your argument, and when the author has used particularly effective language that is just too good to pass up.Ĭhoose to paraphrase or summarize rather than to quote directly when the meaning is more important than the particular language the author used and you don’t need to use the author’s preeminent authority to bolster your argument at the moment.Ĭhoose paraphrasing instead of summarizing when you need details and specificity. Remember to cite your sources when quoting, paraphrasing, and summarizing. ![]()
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